What is called the first Industrial Revolution lasted from the mid-18th century to about 1830 and was mostly confined to Britain. TeachingAmericanHistory.org "Cotton is King", Effect of Eli Whitney's cotton gin on historic trends in cotton ginning. The Industrial Revolution began in 1760 and lasted until around 1840. This can be seen early in the nation's history with Alexander Hamilton's proposal of the "American School" ideas which supported high tariffs in order to protect U.S. (1962). For the cotton producer, up front costs were higher but productivity improvement were clear and Whitney's original 1793 gin design was copied by many and improved upon. [31], Impact of the Industrial Revolution on the United States. By 1801, he had failed to produce a single musket and was called to Washington to justify his use of Treasury funds. The introduction of this new cotton gin was as unexpected as it was unprecedented. industry. Also, quicker movement of resources and goods around the country drastically increased trade efficiency and output while allowing for an extensive transport base for the U.S. to grow during the Second Industrial Revolution. He earned the nickname "Slater the Traitor" in England. [24] The Industrial Revolution also saw a decrease in labor shortages which had characterized the U.S. economy through its early years. Construction began in 1817 and the original canal was about 363 miles with 34 numbered locks, from Albany to Buffalo. [19] This idea was embraced by the Whig Party in the early nineteenth century with their support for Henry Clay's American System. Moses Brown, a leading Rhode Island industrialist secured the services of Slater, with Slater promising to recreate British textile designs. Communications was changed in America when Samuel Morse invented the electrical telegraph in 1837. The precise start of the Industrial Revolution is still a matter of debate among historians. While some historians like Eric Hobsbawm are of the opinion that the revolution began in the 1780s and was only felt in the 1830 and 1840s, others maintain that the Industrial Revolution occurred between 1760 and 1830. With these banks, states were able to support internal transportation improvements, such as the Erie Canal, which stimulated economic development. Chandler Jr., Alfred D. (1993). The Industrial Revoluti… Another important innovator is Thomas Blanchard, who in 1819 invented the Blanchard lathe, which could produce identical copies of wooden gun stocks. There, he created a demonstration for Congress in which he assembled muskets from parts chosen randomly from his supply. Slater learned that Americans were interested in textile techniques used in England, but since exporting such technical designs were illegal in England, he memorized as much as he could and departed for New York. Many historians point to the opening of a textile mill in Pawtucket, Rhode Island in 1793 as the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in the United States. By 1800, Slater's mill had been duplicated by many other entrepreneurs as Slater grew wealthier and his techniques more and more popular, with Andrew Jackson calling Slater the "Father of the American Industrial Revolution". The start of the American Industrial Revolution is often attributed to Samuel Slater who opened the first industrial mill in the United States in 1790 with a design that borrowed heavily from a British model. Learn where and when the Industrial Revolution started, and the inventions that made it possible. [27] In 1798, Eli Whitney obtained a government contract to manufacture 10,000 muskets in less than two years.

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